Sex-specific variations in body pressure distribution across different sleep surfaces and positions

This study examines the impact of sex on body pressure distribution in supine, prone, and side sleeping positions on three surfaces: a pressure mattress, a sleeping mattress, and a combination of a sleeping bag and a sleeping mattress. Twenty participants (10 males and 10 females) were evaluated using a pressure-sensing system to measure pressure on key body regions depending on the sleep position. The results show that using a sleeping mat alone or combined with a sleeping bag significantly reduced body pressure in all positions. Males exerted higher pressure on the head, shoulders, and torso, while females showed a more even pressure distribution across these regions. Significant interactions were observed between body regions, sex, and surface type, emphasising the importance of considering anatomical differences when designing sleep systems. These findings have practical implications for improving comfort and reducing pressure-related injuries, especially in hospitals and outdoors.