TY - CHAP
T1 - Comparison between Different Methods of Determining Apparent Elasticity Modulus of Cementitious Materials
AU - da Silva Filho, Mauro José
AU - Bezerra, Ana Karoliny Lemos
AU - Cavalcante, Thamires Ximenes
AU - de Albuquerque Lima Babadopulos, Lucas Feitosa
AU - Carret, Jean Claude
AU - Soares, Jorge Barbosa
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.
PY - 2026
Y1 - 2026
N2 - This study aims to compare four different techniques for determining the apparent elasticity modulus of cementitious materials: Impact Resonance Testing (IRT), Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Static Modulus Testing (SM), and Dynamic Modulus Testing (DM). Tests were conducted on twelve cylindrical specimens comprising three conventional concretes (with and without superplasticizer), a high-performance concrete (HPC), and a cement mortar. The experimental campaign followed a sequential protocol: (i) initial characterization using UT; (ii) characterization using RM; (iii) after, evaluating the CM testing under sinusoidal loading; (iv) evaluating RM again, to check for microdamage associated with the tests and (v) final evaluating SM. All specimens were tested using the four techniques under the same conditions, allowing for direct comparison of the results. The IRT showed excellent agreement with the DM method, with differences of less than 1 GPa across all materials. The UT also presented good consistency, particularly for stiffer concretes, while the SM yielded lower average values and higher variability. Strong linear correlations were found (near-1 R2 values) between IRT and the other testing methods analyzed. The findings confirm the potential of IRT as a reliable, fast, and non-destructive technique for evaluating the stiffness of cement-based materials. The methodology also proved effective in detecting modulus reductions caused by repeated loading cycles, especially in mortar specimens.
AB - This study aims to compare four different techniques for determining the apparent elasticity modulus of cementitious materials: Impact Resonance Testing (IRT), Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Static Modulus Testing (SM), and Dynamic Modulus Testing (DM). Tests were conducted on twelve cylindrical specimens comprising three conventional concretes (with and without superplasticizer), a high-performance concrete (HPC), and a cement mortar. The experimental campaign followed a sequential protocol: (i) initial characterization using UT; (ii) characterization using RM; (iii) after, evaluating the CM testing under sinusoidal loading; (iv) evaluating RM again, to check for microdamage associated with the tests and (v) final evaluating SM. All specimens were tested using the four techniques under the same conditions, allowing for direct comparison of the results. The IRT showed excellent agreement with the DM method, with differences of less than 1 GPa across all materials. The UT also presented good consistency, particularly for stiffer concretes, while the SM yielded lower average values and higher variability. Strong linear correlations were found (near-1 R2 values) between IRT and the other testing methods analyzed. The findings confirm the potential of IRT as a reliable, fast, and non-destructive technique for evaluating the stiffness of cement-based materials. The methodology also proved effective in detecting modulus reductions caused by repeated loading cycles, especially in mortar specimens.
KW - Apparent Modulus
KW - Cement Concrete
KW - Impact Resonance Test
KW - Non-destructive testing (NDT)
KW - Ultrasonic Test
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105036200258
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-032-14652-6_2
DO - 10.1007/978-3-032-14652-6_2
M3 - Book Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:105036200258
T3 - RILEM Bookseries
SP - 12
EP - 25
BT - RILEM Bookseries
PB - Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
ER -