Étude de la finition humide sur machine-outil des arêtes des pièces en granites en utilisant différents outils de forme

Abstract

The natural and engineered stone processing industry relies heavily on polishing operations, where achieving high surface quality while minimizing dust emissions is a key technical and health challenge. This work presents a systematic CNC-based experimental study to investigate the combined effects of tool geometry, abrasive grit size, and cutting parameters on fine (FP) and ultrafine particle (UFP) generation, cutting forces, and surface roughness during wet edge polishing of black and white granite. Four tool profiles (Eased Concave, Eased Chamfered, Half Beveled, Ogee), four abrasive grits (G45 to G600), and three levels of spindle speed and feed rate were tested using abundant wet lubrication using a water-soluble mineral-oil emulsion (Novamet 875 manufactured by Oemeta), in proportions 5% oil, 95% water, delivered at 30 L/min and 3 bar. Particle emissions were monitored in real-time using APS and SMPS, coupled with size distribution analysis, while cutting forces and roughness were characterized via dynamometry and profilometry. Statistical modeling included ANOVA, quadratic regressions, and simplified linear models. Results highlight spindle speed as the dominant factor influencing FP/UFP emissions, while the Half Beveled tool combined with G600 grit and black granite emerges as the optimal configuration balancing emission control and surface finish quality. The correlation between mechanical loads, roughness, and particle generation confirms localized micro-fracturing as the main emission mechanism. The proposed methodology establishes an integrated experimental and analytical framework to simultaneously optimize performance, quality, and occupational health in wet stone polishing processes.

Date	10 Nov 2025
Original language	French
Awarding Institution	École de technologie supérieure
Supervisor	Victor Songmene (Supervisor)