Amélioration des performances des réseaux autonomes hybrides dans le nord du Québec

Abstract

Until today, the majority of isolated communities in Canada are powered exclusively by diesel generators. This source of production has several disadvantages, such as emissions of greenhouse gases, fuel prices and pollution. The location of these sites and their geographical and climatic characteristics justify their isolation from the main network. Despite these disadvantages, the diesel generator was mostly used because of its availability and reliability. Thus the combination of renewable energy sources with the diesel generator would have a positive impact on the environment, and the cost of producing energy. Nevertheless, this solution requires rather sophisticated control algorithms because the different energy sources operate in parallel. Thus, in this work, the studied system consists of two diesel generators, batteries and a photovoltaic panel. A power-sharing strategy between two diesel generators operating in parallel is improved to ensure the proper functioning of the system in case of a fault in the DC side of the system. Centralized control has been used in this work to achieve high energy management performance while controlling the voltage and frequency. A start sequence was developed at first to supervise power sharing between the two diesel generators. This supervisor aims to extend the life of both machines. The studied system composed of two diesel generators with batteries was studied in the case of absence of renewable energy source. This topology is reinforced by the addition of photovoltaic panels of the two diesel generators and the batteries. A control algorithm has been developed with the Stateflow algorithm to manage the flow of power between the different elements of the system while reducing the use of generators. Extraction of the maximum power of the photovoltaic panel is assured by the MPPT method. The regulation of the DC bus and the frequency is ensured by the Boost converter associated with the battery. A new control has been proposed to compensate the harmonics while ensuring the regulation of the voltage at the point of connection PCC by interfacing the DC/AC inverter. The performance of the proposed system has been tested and validated using MATLAB / SIMULINK.

Date	4 May 2020
Original language	French
Awarding Institution	École de technologie supérieure
Supervisor	Ambrish Chandra (Supervisor)