Water represents about 60 to 70 % of the body mass of each human being. This resource is therefore essential to life but also to other activities such as crop irrigation. However, even today, some populations live in a critical situation of water stress and a lack of stable and sufficient access to water. Most of them are far away from any modern distribution network and are also fighting a difficult socio-economic context. To address this problem, stand-alone photovoltaic water pumping stations provide a water point solely through solar energy. Respecting the constraints of the energy transition with a relatively low carbon footprint, the capital cost of these technologies is however not negligible.
The conversion of photovoltaic energy into hydraulic energy is subject to several efficiency limitations that depend on the behavior of the system. To propose an economically attractive and resilient solution, different solutions are possible to associate the photovoltaic array and the pump. The work done here implements a customizable numerical approach to modeling, using the software Matlab/Simulink, the various possibilities of power conditioning. Comparisons between four converter topologies and three MPPT control strategies have allowed to highlight buck-boost technology and fuzzy logic, despite performances close to each other (1 or 2 % discrepencies). Moreover, six couplings (direct, MPPT with and without battery, fixed voltage converter, LCB controller, MPPT-LCB controller) have been modeled to highlight the behavior and advantages of each of them. All these simulations were performed with a DC motor, but others allowed the study of an AC motorization to highlight the dynamic efficiency of the vector control against the scalar control.
In a second step, the dimensioning issues were highlighted thanks to the exploitation of the program PVsyst. Studies on the water height (1 to 5 m), the autonomy of the tank (1 to 5 days), the power of the system (335 to 2010 W. The interest is to propose to the user different ranges of flows that the surface pumping system will be able to provide.
| Date | 6 Jun 2022 |
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| Original language | French |
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| Awarding Institution | - École de technologie supérieure
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| Supervisor | Daniel Rousse (Supervisor) |
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Thomasset, B. (Author),
Rousse (Supervisor),
6 Jun 2022Student thesis: Master's thesis › Master in Engineering: Engineering