Construction de cycles normalisés spécifiques à des flottes de véhicules utilitaires pour un bilan des émissions polluantes

Abstract

Driving cycles are an essential tool for the measurement of road vehicle pollutant emissions. They allow reproducing any specific road behaviour in laboratory and ensuring the measured emission rates are similar to that of the actual operation. Two specific driving cycles have been developed. Each cycle is representative of the behaviour of a fleet of commercial vehicles. Based on the current knowledge on this field of research, a complete methodology was put together. Data collection was performed with instrumented vehicles. Caracterisation of the driving patterns relied on nine quantitative indicators: average and maximal speed; proportions of idle, acceleration, deceleration, cruise and crawling; PKE (Positive Kinetic Energy) index; speed-acceleration frequency distribution. Random selection of microtrips led to the assembly of 1200-second long ETSA and ETSB cycles. The ETSA cycle closely matches its respective real world caracteristics. However, the ETSB cycle is significantly different from the actual road behaviour on two aspects: maximal speed and PKE index. This offset can be explained by the excessive lengths of some microtrips, with introduced a bias in the assembly process. A stochastic approach based on modal events – instead of microtrips – is a proposed solution to solve the problem.

Date	28 Aug 2012
Original language	French
Awarding Institution	École de technologie supérieure
Supervisor	Mathias Glaus (Supervisor) & Patrice Seers (Co-supervisor)