Intégration des aspects énergétiques et du confort ambiant passif dans la conception de l'habitat en milieu aride

Abstract

Excessive energy consumption in habitat in the arid environment raises vernacular thinking by its intrinsic climate adaptation qualities that can strongly contribute to an energy saving strategy, whose objective is to improve the energy needs of the habitat of the present without harming future generations. However, the designer often does not have the knowledge or access to the various information needed to make these appropriate choices between several alternatives. This thesis aims to develop a methodology that integrates energy aspects and passive ambient comfort in the design of the habitat. To answer the objective of the research, this work is structured in three parts which will constitute the main axes of the thesis. An inventory of vernacular devices and strategies was carried out, followed by an analysis of the complexity of the integration of energy aspects and user’s comfort in different cases in arid environment, based on the morphological structure of the suggested building. The results of this analysis concretely illustrate, on the one hand, the interrelation between the energy problem and the different design choices, and on the other hand, in what way the choice of vernacular devices can condition the energetic behavior of the habitat. The combination corresponds to the two cases: case of integration in interaction of strategies and devices and case of integration in correlation of strategies and devices. The overall process developed, centered on the integration of these devices and vernacular strategies in the design of the habitat, makes it possible to optimize the energetic performance of the habitat and to ensure the comfort of the occupant. The results of this work are presented in this thesis in the form of three articles. Although this thesis helped to advance knowledge about the energy performance of habitat in the arid environment, limits related to other user’s needs such as natural lighting and the concept of evaluation of these impacts have been identified. In addition to proposing ways to remedy this, the thesis presents research perspectives, such as the conceptual process of natural lighting in line with passive ambient comfort and energy efficiency, as well as the integrated evaluation of energy performance, natural lighting and user comfort using this methodology. In the end, designers and professionals of habitat in the arid environment are better informed about the energy performance status of vernacular systems and strategies compared to current practices, as well as the priorities for action to improve their performances.

Date	11 Sept 2019
Original language	French
Awarding Institution	École de technologie supérieure
Supervisor	Daniel Forgues (Supervisor)