Investigation des performances in situ de la numérisation d'une tuyauterie industrielle par photogrammétrie et lumière structurée

Abstract

It is common practice to install industrial piping on construction sites or when updating or upgrading existing facilities. Currently, an operator takes manual measurements prior to the installation or modification of industrial piping. Manual measurements are time-consuming, however, and can entail errors. Moreover, the conventional tools that are used (measuring tape, chalk, calipers, lead wire, etc.) are not suitable for accurate dimensional measurement, and conditions are rarely optimal — brightness is variable, factories are congested, and ceiling height can be an issue. When combined, these factors can result in a lack of productivity. With the technological development of optical (contactless) measuring instruments, it is conceivable to replace this manual process with a three-dimensional scanning process. It would then be possible to use this digital measurement process to extract the dimensions and characteristics of interest for the operations in question. However, the relatively high reflectivity of the pipes commonly used for industrial piping (stainless steel, copper, aluminum, etc.) and ambient conditions can be problematic for some 3D capture systems. It has been suggested to overcome these problems by combining several 3D scanning techniques and systems to benefit from the advantages of each while reducing their respective deficiencies. This project proposes to combine a photogrammetry system and a structured-light 3D scanner. Photogrammetry provides a general overview of the inside of a factory, allowing one to see the bulk of the objects in the room that must be taken into account for the piping that is to be installed. For this step, great precision is not strictly necessary, as one simply wants to have an overall idea of the clutter, to avoid a collision when laying the path of future piping; hence, minute details are not essential. Preference is given to 3D scanning using a structured-light 3D scanner where more precision is needed to perform reverse engineering. It is used on areas where work is to take place immediately. Computer-aided design (CAD) software is then used to perform reverse engineering on the points cloud. One can then recognize simple forms, such as cylinders, from the mesh obtained, and subsequently work with a specialized software module to design the industrial piping. Finally, the points cloud obtained by photogrammetry and the mesh obtained by structuredlight 3D scanning are superimposed. This superimposition can be done using markers common to both 3D scans. From there, one can design new piping or modify the existing piping, Editing the industrial piping plans with the dimensions indicated. Then, the piping can be accurately cut for quick on-site installation. Combining the systems makes it possible to successfully scan a large volume and reflective surfaces, at a lower cost than a high-volume scanning system.

Date	18 Jun 2019
Original language	French
Awarding Institution	École de technologie supérieure
Supervisor	Louis Rivest (Supervisor) & Antoine Tahan (Co-supervisor)