Optimisation de la conception d’un bâtiment résidentiel afin de réduire sa consommation énergétique

Abstract

The current concerns of Canada and Algeria relate to the need to reduce the consumption of energy in the construction industry, more specifically in the residential sector. To achieve this aim, the conception of buildings should be accomplished in a more energy efficient way. The purpose of this work is to study precisely the energy performance of the two passive systems integrated in the conception of residential building located in the city of Terrebonne in CANADA and the city of Batna in Algeria. Both cities have distinct climate, the first city is characterized by a cold while, the second by a semi-arid one. These systems are: a building envelope containing a hemp-concrete insulation, and a passive ventilation strategy (mezzanine and ventilation chimney) by chimney effect. In order to study the energetic performance of these systems separately as well as that of their combination, five configuration for each city were used in addition to a STANDARD configuration, which does not contain any passive system and made up of construction materials commonly used in the regions under study. The simulations are carried out using the EnergyPlus™ software within a year, while taking into consideration the climatic conditions for both cities Terrebonne and Batna. The results show that these passive systems have a positive effect on the global energy balance through a judicious combination. The simulations realized for the city of Batna have translated by 24 % reduction in the total annual energy charge. However, the simulations carried out for the city of Terrebonne resulted in identical results to the total annual load of the standard building. This difference of results, specifically in the city of Batna is explained by the mixed impact of the passive ventilation strategy used on a cold climate backdrop. In conclusion, this research introduces the ability to integrate hemp-concrete and passive ventilation systems into residential buildings as a strategy for reducing energy consumption for both countries CANADA and ALGERIA. The results obtained in the study of hemp-concrete are improved by Aguérata Kabore study (2020).

Date	10 Jan 2022
Original language	French
Awarding Institution	École de technologie supérieure
Supervisor	Wahid Maref (Supervisor)