Optimization of routing in wireless sensor network in terms of energy usage and QoS,using Hybrid PSO and Golden Eagle algorithms

Abstract

WSNs have transformed monitoring and tracking capabilities in numerous areas through grooming communication and calculating networks.These networks, consisting of small sensor nodes that transmit data to a central base station, are significantly affected by limited energy resources, which can shorten their operational lifespan. This study is unique because it proposes an innovative energy-efficient routing protocol, a novel approach to addressing this challenge. The main objective is to create an optimized routing model based on clusters, thereby improving energy efficiency and reducing delay and dead nodes in the network. To achieve this, clustering with the k-means algorithm is employed, followed by the efficient selection of cluster heads using PSO mutation. This robust method ensures the optimization for suitable cluster heads. Subsequently, the routing between cluster heads is optimized using the Golden Eagle algorithm (GEO), with a benchmark comparison against the routing protocol LEACH-CR. The Golden Eagle algorithm is used here to sensitively choose communication paths, making information exchange more efficient while using less power. To overcome abovementioned shortcomings of the previous energy efficient routing protocols which failed to provide optimal solution for various applications and energy conditions effectively, this research work aims to establish a new efficient routing protocol. The proposed protocol is thoroughly tested via extensive Matlab simulations in order to measure the dead nodes, the system throughput, energy usage and network delay. The validation process gives the assurance and this shows that the protocol has performed better as compared to the LEACH-CR routing protocol in energy utilization and network duration. This paper implemented the quantitative clustering, cluster head selection, and routing method of the presented Golden Eagle algorithm compared with the LEACH-CR and proved that the presented method can enhance the energy utilization and life of the wireless sensor network. Such types of general studies usual to multi-rate, multi-service and multi-application conditions are believed to enhance the performance and reliability of the networks for a number of practical applications. Thus, this research extends the knowledge base of WSNs by providing an integrated and effective approach to the energy efficiency problem. By integrating clustering with k-means, selecting cluster heads with PSO-mutation, and using the Golden Eagle algorithm for routing, the suggested protocol could enhance energy utilization and, therefore, the practical use and longevity of wireless sensor networks.

Date	14 Aug 2024
Original language	American English
Awarding Institution	École de technologie supérieure
Supervisor	Zbigniew Dziong (Supervisor)