Sensing and actuation for the design of upper limb prosthetics

Abstract

The objective of this thesis has been to improve upper limb prosthetics. With this aim in mind, and based on reported user needs, we targeted two main aspects of contemporary active prosthetics: sensing and actuation. The restoration of proprioceptive capabilities through the artificial limb is vital for their intuitive and precise control. In order to capture the prosthetics position, we designed extremely soft microfluidic sensors using conductive liquids such as eutectic Gallium Indium (eGaIn) or Room Temperature Ionic Liquid (RTIL) embedded in soft elastomers. These sensors were used first to sense unidirectional strain, then normal force through Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) in a soft microfluidic skin, and were finally embedded in a soft artificial skin that was used to measure the human hand motion. Conventional electromagnetic actuators are poorly suited for prosthetic actuation. Grasping tasks typically require large torque at low speeds whereas conventional actuators are designed to be efficient at high rotational speeds. In consequence, we designed the "Programmable Permanent Magnet" (PPM) actuator. This unique actuator, based on the magnetization of permanent magnets by current pulses, is able to maintain a large torque at no speed and for no energetic cost. This actuator is especially suited for tasks such as grasping or walking and represents a new type of electromagnetic actuator that will enable efficient low speed high torque efficient actuation for robotic and prosthetic applications.

Date	16 Jan 2018
Original language	American English
Awarding Institution	École de technologie supérieure
Supervisor	Vincent Duchaine (Supervisor) & Yong Lae Park (Co-supervisor)