Vulnérabilité sismique hors-plan des murs de maçonnerie en pierre non armée

Abstract

Many buildings of historical districts in Eastern Canada cities are made of unreinforced stone masonry. These types of structure are considered among the most vulnerable under earthquake ground motions. In order to preserve these patrimonial buildings, scientific Tools assessing their seismic vulnerability need to be developed. Analytical fragility curves have proved to be an efficient tool and have already been used in former studies. However, these studies usually take into account in-plane behavior and do not consider the possible out-of-plane rupture of the masonry wall. This type of rupture may be critical for elements such as chimneys, firebreak walls and façade walls. In order to assess the out-of-plane vulnerability of unreinforced masonry walls, a methodology leading to the development of fragility curves is proposed. Typical building prototypes have been generated from a detailed inventory of several characteristic buildings located in Old Montréal and Old Québec districts. A dynamic behavior of unreinforced masonry walls has been defined by mean of out-of-plane capacity model from which damage states, in term of displacements, can be pointed out. Three out-of-plane rupture mechanisms and their associated critic elements have been identified. Moreover, a displacements computation procedure for the out-of-plane direction, which takes into account the filtering effects of the in-plane structure, has been developed. Fragility curves, based on a probabilistic approach, have also been derived, for each rupture mechanism. Fragility curves will be used to assess the probability distribution of the damage states for each rupture mechanism and for a given seismic scenario. An example of application is presented in the case of a seismic demand compatible with the NBCC 2010 design spectra for the city of Montreal.

Date	17 Apr 2014
Original language	French
Awarding Institution	École de technologie supérieure
Supervisor	Marie-José Nollet (Supervisor) & Amar Khaled (Co-supervisor)