Évolution des émissions du dioxyde de carbone à Rosemont : utilisation du bioéthanol dans des bus de la société de transport de Montréal

Abstract

Transportation is most important factor of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission in certain urban areas such as Quebec. Nowadays, the use of biofuel as fuel in public transportation is seen as a good way to reduce GHGs (Amela et al, 2017). The goal of this study is to transcend beyond perception while observing the variations in polluting emissions (mainly CO2) according to the use of bioethanol in Rosemont through a well-defined basic scenario. Indeed, it is subtle to consider CO2 emissions while having a holistic vision. The approach followed in this analysis takes into account the carbon footprint of the use of carburant E20 on STM buses. The biomass used for the production of bioethanol is essentially the waste (leaves and branches) of the urban vegetation of Rosemont whose time boundary is estimated at one year. The results show that by mixing 20% by volume of bioethanol (E20) and 80% by volume of fossil fuel (gasoline) in an urban transportation bus in Rosemont emitted 13,3% less CO2 than the bus which use only gasoline. It should be noted that emissions from transport of biomass are negligible (about 0.026% of the initial CO2 emissions of the STM buses that use gasoline). The production of biofuels makes it possible to highlight the need for biomasses that are combined with the need for buses. A sensitivity study with the VENSIM software is carried out by admitting only a global use of bioethanol (100% by volume) for the needs of the bus. It confirms that the use of this fuel in the transportation does not emit GHGs in the atmosphere because of the photosynthesis of the trees. The use of bioethanol could be replaced by the STM buses, as biomass appears as a future mine. Biomass transport trucks could therefore move with bioethanol, in order to avoid their CO2 emissions (also minimized) by the consumption of fossil fuel. However, carrying out a study requires taking into account environmental, economic and social aspects. This is not totally the case in this study which focuses on environmental aspects.

Date	3 Aug 2018
Original language	French
Awarding Institution	École de technologie supérieure
Supervisor	François Morency (Supervisor)