Optimisation du procédé de cadenassage/décadenassage en environnement manufacturier à l’aide des technologies de localisation intérieure

Abstract

Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) procedures are a cornerstone of industrial safety during maintenance operations. Despite their critical role, they still present significant limitations : human errors, lack of traceability of performed actions, difficulties in identifying the equipment to be isolated, and delays in updating technical documentation. These shortcomings compromise both operator safety and the organizational efficiency of industrial companies. In the context of Industry 5.0, the integration of advanced digital technologies could reinforce and automate the rigor of lockout procedures. This thesis explores the potential of Ultra WideBand (UWB) indoor localization technology to address these shortcomings. The adopted approach combines a theoretical analysis of the benefits and limitations of localization systems, the development of optimization algorithms for UWB anchor placement, simulations assessing the accuracy achieved in different environments, and the implementation of a dedicated software application for guiding and monitoring operators. Our results show that when obstacles are taken into account in the simulation model, the average positioning error decreases from 29.5 cm to 22.5 cm, representing an improvement of nearly 30% in accuracy. Furthermore, the introduction of critical zones in anchor placement optimization reduces the average error by 45%, from 24.5 cm to 14.7 cm. To demonstrate the concrete added value of integrating UWB localization into the lockout process, a mobile application was developed. Tests show that the application can locate operators in real time and retrieve the positions of critical components with a positioning error of approximately 1 meter. Although higher than simulation results, this level of accuracy remains fully acceptable in the LOTO context. In conclusion, this thesis highlights that the use of UWB technology, combined with optimization algorithms and a mobile application, offers considerable potential to improve the accuracy, safety, and traceability of LOTO procedures. The experimental results demonstrate both the feasibility and the relevance of this approach in complex industrial environments. These advances not only reinforce operator safety but also pave the way for a smarter and more resilient management of critical procedures, fully aligned with the vision of Industry 5.0.

Date	22 Oct 2025
Original language	French
Awarding Institution	École de technologie supérieure
Supervisor	Lucas Hof (Supervisor) & Jean-Pierre Kenné (Co-supervisor)